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Which of the following performance facets must be considered to understand performance?


A) Task performance and results
B) Declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge
C) Contextual performance and results
D) Task performance and contextual performance

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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____________________ is defined as those behaviors that contribute to the organization's effectiveness by providing a good environment in which task performance can occur.


A) Contextual performance
B) Results
C) Declarative knowledge
D) Procedural knowledge

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Many organizations now realize that there is no need to focus on both task and contextual performance.

A) True
B) False

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_________________ performance is fairly similar across jobs and is not likely to be role prescribed.


A) Task
B) Contextual
C) Exceptional
D) None of the above

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The results approach emphasizes ______________ rather than _______________.


A) employee behaviors;results and employee traits
B) outcomes;financial gain
C) employee traits;results and employee behaviors
D) outcomes;employee traits or employee behaviors

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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D

Procedural knowledge is:


A) Knowing what the boss wants done
B) Knowing how well the job has to be done to "get by"
C) Knowing what to do and how to do it
D) Knowing where all the required equipment are located

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Using your current work situation,or one of someone you know well,describe whether performance is measured using a trait,behavior,or results approach.Use the checklist below to identify whether or not your company should measure performance using the trait,behavior,or results method. Adopting a Traits Approach to Measuring Performance Is Most Appropriate When ...The organization is undertaking a drastic structural changeAdopting a Behavior Approach to Measuring Performance Is MostAppropriate When ...Employees will take a long time to achieve the desired outcomes The link between behaviors and results is not obviousOutcomes are distant in the futurePoor results are due to causes beyond the performer’s controlAdopting a Results Approach to Measuring Performance Is MostAppropriate When ...Workers are skilled in the needed behaviorsBehaviors and results are obviously relatedResults show consistent improvement over timeThere are many ways to do the job right\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{|l|}\hline \text {Adopting a Traits Approach to Measuring Performance Is Most }\\\text {Appropriate When ...}\\\hline \quad\quad\text {The organization is undertaking a drastic structural change}\\\hline \text {Adopting a Behavior Approach to Measuring Performance Is Most}\\\text {Appropriate When ...}\\\quad\quad\text {Employees will take a long time to achieve the desired outcomes}\\\quad\quad\text { The link between behaviors and results is not obvious}\\\quad\quad\text {Outcomes are distant in the future}\\\quad\quad\text {Poor results are due to causes beyond the performer's control}\\\text {Adopting a Results Approach to Measuring Performance Is Most}\\\text {Appropriate When ...}\\\quad\quad\text {Workers are skilled in the needed behaviors}\\\quad\quad\text {Behaviors and results are obviously related}\\\quad\quad\text {Results show consistent improvement over time}\\\quad\quad\text {There are many ways to do the job right}\\ \hline\end{array}\end{array} Is this approach appropriate given your job responsibilities and the climate of the organization? Explain whether or not you think that the system could be improved using a different approach to measuring performance.

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Answers will vary but should be aligned ...

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Contextual performance and task performance should:


A) Only be considered in higher level employees
B) Be considered as one and the same
C) Be listed in the employee manual
D) Be considered separately

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Performance management systems need to not only measure performance but also provide information on the source of any performance deficiencies.

A) True
B) False

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Activities that transform raw materials into goods and services that are produced by an organization are called …

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Task performance includes acti...

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Behaviors that contribute to the organization's effectiveness by providing a good working environment are called …

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Contextual performance is defi...

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When employees challenge the status quo in a positive way and make innovative suggestions for change,they are exhibiting:


A) Cultural differences
B) Declarative knowledge
C) Psychomotor skills
D) Voice behavior

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Task performance is defined as:


A) Activities that transform raw materials into the goods and services that are produced by the organization.
B) Activities that help with the transformation process by replenishing the supply of raw materials.
C) Offering help and cooperating with others.
D) A and B

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Contextual factors,such as voice behavior and cultural differences,should be considered when organizations choose to define and measure performance.

A) True
B) False

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The fact that there are many ways to deliver effective results in a job is an indication that a results approach to performance measurement might be appropriate for the job.

A) True
B) False

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When poor results are due to causes beyond the performer's control,which approach to measuring performance is most appropriate?


A) Trait approach
B) Results approach
C) Behavior approach
D) Orthodox approach

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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C

Contextual performance is also known as organizational citizenship or pro-social behavior.

A) True
B) False

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Declarative knowledge includes which of the following?


A) Facts
B) Psychomotor skill
C) Persistence of effort
D) Cognitive skill

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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The behavior approach emphasizes ______________ rather than _____________.


A) what employees do;employee traits or results
B) employee traits;results
C) results;employee traits
D) None of these are correct

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A

When results and behaviors are obviously related,which approach to measuring performance is most appropriate?


A) Trait approach
B) Results approach
C) Behavior approach
D) Orthodox approach

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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